在 mysql 中未命中索引

当选择所有列时，索引不起作用，但如果只选择几列，它就会起作用。

  mysql> explain SELECT  *  FROM fatura  USE INDEX (datapago_serv_pago)   WHERE id_servidor = 10 AND pago = '1' AND data_pago <= '2021-05-05';
+----+-------------+--------+------------+------+--------------------+------+---------+------+----------+----------+-------------+
| id | select_type | table  | partitions | type | possible_keys      | key  | key_len | ref  | rows     | filtered | Extra       |
+----+-------------+--------+------------+------+--------------------+------+---------+------+----------+----------+-------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | fatura | NULL       | ALL  | datapago_serv_pago | NULL | NULL    | NULL | 10199216 |     0.00 | Using where |
+----+-------------+--------+------------+------+--------------------+------+---------+------+----------+----------+-------------+

  mysql> explain SELECT  uid_  FROM fatura  USE INDEX (datapago_serv_pago)   WHERE id_servidor = 10 AND pago = '1' AND data_pago <= '2021-05-05';
+----+-------------+--------+------------+-------+--------------------+--------------------+---------+------+---------+----------+--------------------------+
| id | select_type | table  | partitions | type  | possible_keys      | key                | key_len | ref  | rows    | filtered | Extra                    |
+----+-------------+--------+------------+-------+--------------------+--------------------+---------+------+---------+----------+--------------------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | fatura | NULL       | range | datapago_serv_pago | datapago_serv_pago | 5       | NULL | 5099608 |     0.01 | Using where; Using index |
+----+-------------+--------+------------+-------+--------------------+--------------------+---------+------+---------+----------+--------------------------+

  CREATE TABLE `fatura` (
  `uid_` bigint unsigned NOT NULL,
  `uid_cliente` bigint unsigned NOT NULL,
  `uid_cliente_servico` bigint unsigned NOT NULL,
  `id_servidor` tinyint unsigned NOT NULL,
  `id` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `data_cadastro` date NOT NULL,
  `valor` decimal(12,2) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00',
  `vencimento` date NOT NULL DEFAULT (0),
  `pago` tinyint unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `data_pago` date NOT NULL DEFAULT (0),
  `valor_pago` decimal(12,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00',
  `historico` varchar(500) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `id_cliente` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT (0),
  `id_servico` int unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT (0),
  `nome` varchar(500) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
  `desativada` tinyint unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0',
  `operador_inclusao` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  `operador_liquidacao` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  `forma_pago` varchar(50) NOT NULL,
  `status_banco` tinyint NOT NULL DEFAULT (0),
  PRIMARY KEY (`uid_`),
  KEY `vencimento` (`vencimento`) USING BTREE,
  KEY `id_cliente` (`id_cliente`),
  KEY `id_servico` (`id_servico`),
  KEY `pago` (`pago`),
  KEY `id_servidor` (`id_servidor`),
  KEY `id` (`id`) USING BTREE,
  KEY `uid_cliente` (`uid_cliente`),
  KEY `data_pago` (`data_pago`),
  KEY `data_cadastro` (`data_cadastro`),
  KEY `historico` (`historico`),
  KEY `uid_cliente_servico` (`uid_cliente_servico`),
  KEY `desativada` (`desativada`),
  KEY `operador_inclusao` (`operador_inclusao`),
  KEY `operador_liquidacao` (`operador_liquidacao`),
  KEY `venc_serv_pago` (`vencimento`,`id_servidor`,`pago`),
  KEY `forma_pago` (`forma_pago`),
  KEY `status_banco` (`status_banco`),
  KEY `datapago_serv_pago` (`data_pago`,`id_servidor`,`pago`),
  KEY `vencimento_serv_pago` (`data_pago`,`id_servidor`,`pago`)

)
如果我选择日期范围，它可以正常工作：

  explain SELECT  *  FROM fatura  USE INDEX (datapago_serv_pago)   WHERE id_servidor = 10 AND pago = '1' AND data_pago >= '2021-04-01'  AND data_pago <= '2021-05-05';
+----+-------------+--------+------------+-------+--------------------+--------------------+---------+------+--------+----------+-----------------------+
| id | select_type | table  | partitions | type  | possible_keys      | key                | key_len | ref  | rows   | filtered | Extra                 |
+----+-------------+--------+------------+-------+--------------------+--------------------+---------+------+--------+----------+-----------------------+
|  1 | SIMPLE      | fatura | NULL       | range | datapago_serv_pago | datapago_serv_pago | 5       | NULL | 158342 |     0.01 | Using index condition |
+----+-------------+--------+------------+-------+--------------------+--------------------+---------+------+--------+----------+-----------------------+

在整个文档中搜索了很多，但找不到原因或解决方案。